If your dentist has recommended a filling, you may have heard the terms “temporary” and “permanent” used, and maybe even wondered what the difference actually is. Are they made from different materials? Does one hurt more than the other? And why would you need a temporary one if a permanent dental filling is the end goal?
These are all reasonable questions. Dental fillings are one of the most common restorative treatments in general dentistry, yet the distinction between the two types is not always explained clearly.
In this article, we will walk you through what temporary and permanent dental fillings are, when each type is used, and what you can expect from the dental filling procedure, so you feel prepared going into your appointment.
What Is a Dental Filling?
A dental filling is a restorative treatment used to repair a tooth that has been damaged by decay, a minor fracture, or wear. During the procedure, the affected portion of the tooth is removed, and the space is filled with a restorative material to restore the tooth’s structure and function.
According to Healthdirect, fillings are one of the most frequently performed dental treatments in Australia and are a primary approach to tooth decay treatment at an early stage. The sooner decay is identified and treated, the more of the natural tooth structure can typically be preserved. This is also one reason why routine check-ups matter so much.
As we explore in our article on common dental problems caught early during check-ups, detecting decay in its early stages often means simpler treatment with less intervention.
What Is a Temporary Filling?
A temporary filling is a short-term solution placed in a tooth when a permanent restoration cannot be completed in the same appointment. It is designed to protect the tooth for a limited period, typically days to a few weeks, while the next stage of treatment is being prepared or assessed.
When is a temporary filling used?
Your dentist may place a temporary filling in situations such as:
- A tooth requires a multi-stage treatment, such as a crown or inlay, where the final restoration needs to be fabricated between appointments
- The tooth has undergone root canal treatment and needs time to settle before a permanent filling or crown is placed
- A broken filling needs to be addressed quickly to protect the tooth, but a full assessment or definitive treatment will follow at a later appointment
- Your dentist wants to monitor a tooth’s response to treatment before committing to a permanent option
Temporary fillings are typically made from softer materials such as zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) or glass ionomer cement, which are easy to place and remove. They are not designed for long-term use.
How long do temporary fillings last?
How long temporary fillings last depends on the material used and the location of the tooth, but they are generally intended to hold for a few days to several weeks. Most dentists will advise having the permanent filling placed as soon as the next appointment is available.
Leaving a temporary filling in place for longer than recommended may increase the risk of it cracking, falling out, or allowing bacteria to re-enter the tooth. If you notice sensitivity after a filling or feel the temporary filling has shifted, contact your dentist promptly.
What Is a Permanent Dental Filling?
A permanent dental filling is the definitive restoration placed once the tooth has been fully prepared and the clinical situation is stable. Unlike temporary fillings, permanent options are designed to be durable and long-lasting. In many cases, they may even last for several years with proper care.
Types of dental fillings used for permanent restorations
There are several types of dental fillings available for permanent use, each with different properties:
- Composite resin: A tooth-coloured filling material that bonds directly to the tooth. Composite is the most commonly used material for visible teeth due to its natural appearance. It is suitable for small to medium cavities.
- Glass ionomer cement: A tooth-coloured material that releases fluoride, making it a useful option in certain clinical situations, particularly for fillings near the gum line or in children’s teeth.
- Amalgam: A silver-coloured alloy that has been used in dentistry for over a century. While less commonly placed today, amalgam remains durable and may still be used in some cases, particularly for back teeth under significant chewing pressure.
The choice of filling material depends on the location of the tooth, the size of the cavity, and your individual clinical needs. Your dentist will discuss the most appropriate option during your consultation.
Temporary vs Permanent Fillings: Key Differences at a Glance
| Temporary Filling | Permanent Dental Filling | |
| Purpose | Short-term protection | Long-term tooth restoration |
| Material | Softer, easily removable | Durable composite, glass ionomer, or amalgam |
| Longevity | Days to a few weeks | Several years with proper care |
| When used | Multi-stage treatments, monitoring, emergency protection | Final restoration after tooth preparation |
| Follow-up needed | Yes; requires replacement | Routine check-ups recommended |
What to Expect from the Dental Filling Procedure
Regardless of whether a temporary or permanent filling is being placed, the basic dental filling procedure follows a similar process:
- Assessment: Your dentist examines the tooth and may take X-rays to assess the extent of the decay or damage.
- Preparation: The affected area is numbed with local anaesthesia. The decayed or damaged portion of the tooth is then carefully removed.
- Filling placement: The chosen filling material is placed, shaped, and set. For composite fillings, a curing light is used to harden the material.
- Bite check: Your dentist will check that your bite feels comfortable and make any necessary adjustments.
Some sensitivity after a filling is normal, particularly in the first day or two following the procedure. If sensitivity persists beyond a week, or if you notice broken filling symptoms such as pain when biting or a rough edge with your tongue, contact your dentist.
Caring for a New Filling
Whether temporary or permanent, caring for a new filling involves a few simple steps:
- Avoid very hard, sticky, or chewy foods immediately after the procedure, particularly with a temporary filling
- Continue brushing and flossing as normal, being gentle around the treated area initially
- Attend follow-up appointments as scheduled, especially important if a temporary filling has been placed
- Let your dentist know if anything feels uncomfortable or unusual between appointments
With good oral hygiene and regular check-ups, a well-placed permanent dental filling can last for many years.
Don’t Put Off a Filling
Dental fillings are most effective when decay or damage is caught and treated early. Leaving a cavity untreated allows it to progress deeper into the tooth, which may eventually require more involved treatment.
If you’ve been told you need dental fillings or suspect a tooth may need attention, our team at Brunswick Dental Practice is here to help and guide you on the appropriate solution.
Set up a consultation with our team and let us take a look. The earlier we catch it, the simpler the solution.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between a temporary and permanent filling?
A temporary filling is a short-term measure used to protect a tooth between appointments or while monitoring its response to treatment. A permanent dental filling is the final, durable restoration designed to last long-term. Temporary fillings are made from softer materials and are not intended to stay in place indefinitely.
How long do temporary fillings last?
Temporary fillings are generally designed to hold for a few days to a few weeks. Most dentists recommend replacing them with a permanent restoration as soon as the next appointment allows, as leaving them in place longer increases the risk of them breaking down or allowing bacteria to re-enter the tooth.
What types of dental fillings are available?
The most common types of dental fillings used for permanent restorations are composite resin (tooth-coloured), glass ionomer cement, and amalgam (silver-coloured). The most appropriate material depends on the location of the tooth, the extent of decay, and your individual clinical needs.
Is sensitivity after a filling normal?
Some sensitivity after a filling is normal, particularly for the first day or two. This usually settles on its own.
If sensitivity persists beyond a week, or if you experience pain when biting or notice any broken filling symptoms, it’s worth contacting your dentist.
When would I need a filling rather than another treatment?
Dental fillings are typically used to treat tooth decay at an early stage or to repair minor chips and fractures. If decay has progressed deeper into the tooth and affected the nerve, a root canal treatment may be required instead.
Your dentist will assess the tooth and discuss the most appropriate option for your situation.